@unpublished{KWWload,
    TITLE = {Vital Rates and the Action of Mutation Accumulation},
   AUTHOR = {Kenneth W. Wachter and David R. Steinsaltz and Steven N. Evans},
       ID = {info:oai/arXiv.org:0808.3622},
     YEAR = {2008},
 ABSTRACT = {New models for evolutionary processes of mutation accumulation
             allow hypotheses about the age-specificity of mutational effects to
             be translated into predictions of heterogeneous population hazard
             functions. We apply these models to questions in the biodemography
             of longevity, including proposed explanations of Gompertz hazards
             and mortality plateaus, and use them to explore the possibility of
             melding evolutionary and functional models of aging.},
   }

        

@unpublished{KWWwalls,
    TITLE = {The Age-Specific Force of Natural Selection and Walls of Death},
   AUTHOR = {Kenneth W. Wachter and Steven N. Evans and David R. Steinsaltz},
       ID = {info:oai/arXiv.org:0807.0483},
     YEAR = {2008},
 ABSTRACT = {W.D. Hamilton's celebrated formula for the age-specific force of
             natural selection furnishes predictions for senescent mortality due
             to mutation accumulation, at the price of reliance on a linear
             approximation. Applying to Hamilton's setting the full non-linear
             demographic model for mutation accumulation of Evans et al. (2007),
             we find surprising differences. Non-linear interactions cause the
             collapse of Hamilton-style predictions in the most commonly studied
             case, refine predictions in other cases, and allow Walls of Death
             at ages before the end of reproduction. Haldane's Principle for
             genetic load has an exact but unfamiliar generalization.},
   }

        

@unpublished{KWWdiploid,
    TITLE = {A mutation-selection model for general genotypes with recombination},
   AUTHOR = {Steven N. Evans and David R. Steinsaltz and Kenneth W. Wachter},
       ID = {info:oai/arXiv.org:q-bio.PE/0609046},
     YEAR = {2007},
 ABSTRACT = {A probability model is presented for the dynamics of mutation-
             selection balance in a infinite-population infinite-sites setting
             sufficiently general to cover mutation-driven changes in full age-
             specific demographic schedules. An earlier work by the same authors
             presented a haploid model -- without genetic recombination -- of
             similar scope. This work complements that model, adding genetic
             recombination, based on a well-known general discrete-population
             genetic model of N. Barton and M. Turelli. The model with
             recombination is a flow on Poisson intensities, substantially
             different from the haploid model. It is shown that the new model
             arises from the haploid model when recombination is added, in the
             limit as generations per unit time go to infinity, and selection
             strength and mutation per generation go to 0.},
   }

        

@article{KWW2006a,
    TITLE = {Understanding Mortality Rate Deceleration and Heterogeneity},
   AUTHOR = {David R. Steinsaltz and Kenneth W. Wachter},
  JOURNAL = {Mathematical Population Studies},
   VOLUME = {13},
   NUMBER = {1},
    PAGES = {19--37},
     YEAR = {2006},
       ID = {info:doi/10.1080/08898480500452117},
 ABSTRACT = {Generic relationships between heterogeneity in population frailty
             and flattening of aggregate population hazard functions at extreme
             ages are drawn from classical mathematical results on the limiting
             behavior of Laplace transforms. In particular, it shows that the
             population hazard function converges to a constant precisely when
             the distribution of unobserved heterogeneity in initial mortalities
             behaves asymptotically as a polynomial near zero.},
   }

        

@article{STEINSALTZ:0000:AGMOMB,
   AUTHOR = {Steinsaltz, David R. and Evans, Steven N. and Wachter, Kenneth W.},
    TITLE = {A generalized model of mutation-selection balance with applications
             to aging},
  JOURNAL = {Advances in Applied Mathematics},
   VOLUME = {35},
   NUMBER = {1},
    PAGES = {16--33},
     YEAR = {2005},
      URL = {http://www.mast.queensu.ca/~steinsaltz/papers/ms.pdf},
       ID = {info:oai/arXiv.org:q-bio.PE/0403002,
             info:doi/10.1016/j.aam.2004.09.003},
 ABSTRACT = {A probability model is presented for the dynamics of mutation--
             selection balance in a haploid infinite-population infinite-sites
             setting sufficiently general to cover mutation-driven changes in
             full age-specific demographic schedules. The model accommodates
             epistatic as well as additive selective costs. Closed form
             characterizations are obtained for solutions in finite time, along
             with proofs of convergence to stationary distributions and a proof
             of the uniqueness of solutions in a restricted case. Examples are
             given of applications to the biodemography of aging.},
   }